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1Git 2.32 Release Notes
2======================
3
4Backward compatibility notes
5----------------------------
6
7 * ".gitattributes", ".gitignore", and ".mailmap" files that are
8 symbolic links are ignored.
9
10 * "git apply --3way" used to first attempt a straight application,
11 and only fell back to the 3-way merge algorithm when the stright
12 application failed. Starting with this version, the command will
13 first try the 3-way merge algorithm and only when it fails (either
14 resulting with conflict or the base versions of blobs are missing),
15 falls back to the usual patch application.
16
17
18Updates since v2.31
19-------------------
20
21UI, Workflows & Features
22
23 * It does not make sense to make ".gitattributes", ".gitignore" and
24 ".mailmap" symlinks, as they are supposed to be usable from the
25 object store (think: bare repositories where HEAD:.mailmap etc. are
26 used). When these files are symbolic links, we used to read the
27 contents of the files pointed by them by mistake, which has been
28 corrected.
29
30 * "git stash show" learned to optionally show untracked part of the
31 stash.
32
33 * "git log --format='...'" learned "%(describe)" placeholder.
34
35 * "git repack" so far has been only capable of repacking everything
36 under the sun into a single pack (or split by size). A cleverer
37 strategy to reduce the cost of repacking a repository has been
38 introduced.
39
40 * The http codepath learned to let the credential layer to cache the
41 password used to unlock a certificate that has successfully been
42 used.
43
44 * "git commit --fixup=<commit>", which was to tweak the changes made
45 to the contents while keeping the original log message intact,
46 learned "--fixup=(amend|reword):<commit>", that can be used to
47 tweak both the message and the contents, and only the message,
48 respectively.
49
50 * "git send-email" learned to honor the core.hooksPath configuration.
51
52 * "git format-patch -v<n>" learned to allow a reroll count that is
53 not an integer.
54
55 * "git commit" learned "--trailer <key>[=<value>]" option; together
56 with the interpret-trailers command, this will make it easier to
57 support custom trailers.
58
59 * "git clone --reject-shallow" option fails the clone as soon as we
60 notice that we are cloning from a shallow repository.
61
62 * A configuration variable has been added to force tips of certain
63 refs to be given a reachability bitmap.
64
65 * "gitweb" learned "e-mail privacy" feature to redact strings that
66 look like e-mail addresses on various pages.
67
68 * "git apply --3way" has always been "to fall back to 3-way merge
69 only when straight application fails". Swap the order of falling
70 back so that 3-way is always attempted first (only when the option
71 is given, of course) and then straight patch application is used as
72 a fallback when it fails.
73
74 * "git apply" now takes "--3way" and "--cached" at the same time, and
75 work and record results only in the index.
76
77 * The command line completion (in contrib/) has learned that
78 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD is a possible pseudo-ref.
79
80 * Userdiff patterns for "Scheme" has been added.
81
82 * "git log" learned "--diff-merges=<style>" option, with an
83 associated configuration variable log.diffMerges.
84
85 * "git log --format=..." placeholders learned %ah/%ch placeholders to
86 request the --date=human output.
87
88 * Replace GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM mechanism to decline from reading the
89 system-wide configuration file with GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM that lets
90 users specify from which file to read the system-wide configuration
91 (setting it to an empty file would essentially be the same as
92 setting NOSYSTEM), and introduce GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL to override the
93 per-user configuration in $HOME/.gitconfig.
94
95 * "git add" and "git rm" learned not to touch those paths that are
96 outside of sparse checkout.
97
98 * "git rev-list" learns the "--filter=object:type=<type>" option,
99 which can be used to exclude objects of the given kind from the
100 packfile generated by pack-objects.
101
102 * The command line completion (in contrib/) for "git stash" has been
103 updated.
104
105 * "git subtree" updates.
106
107 * It is now documented that "format-patch" skips merges.
108
109 * Options to "git pack-objects" that take numeric values like
110 --window and --depth should not accept negative values; the input
111 validation has been tightened.
112
113 * The way the command line specified by the trailer.<token>.command
114 configuration variable receives the end-user supplied value was
115 both error prone and misleading. An alternative to achieve the
116 same goal in a safer and more intuitive way has been added, as
117 the trailer.<token>.cmd configuration variable, to replace it.
118
119 * "git add -i --dry-run" does not dry-run, which was surprising. The
120 combination of options has taught to error out.
121
122 * "git push" learns to discover common ancestor with the receiving
123 end over protocol v2. This will hopefully make "git push" as
124 efficient as "git fetch" in avoiding objects from getting
125 transferred unnecessarily.
126
127 * "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") learned the "--quoted-cr" option to
128 control how lines ending with CRLF wrapped in base64 or qp are
129 handled.
130
131
132Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
133
134 * Rename detection rework continues.
135
136 * GIT_TEST_FAIL_PREREQS is a mechanism to skip test pieces with
137 prerequisites to catch broken tests that depend on the side effects
138 of optional pieces, but did not work at all when negative
139 prerequisites were involved.
140 (merge 27d578d904 jk/fail-prereq-testfix later to maint).
141
142 * "git diff-index" codepath has been taught to trust fsmonitor status
143 to reduce number of lstat() calls.
144 (merge 7e5aa13d2c nk/diff-index-fsmonitor later to maint).
145
146 * Reorganize Makefile to allow building git.o and other essential
147 objects without extra stuff needed only for testing.
148
149 * Preparatory API changes for parallel checkout.
150
151 * A simple IPC interface gets introduced to build services like
152 fsmonitor on top.
153
154 * Fsck API clean-up.
155
156 * SECURITY.md that is facing individual contributors and end users
157 has been introduced. Also a procedure to follow when preparing
158 embargoed releases has been spelled out.
159 (merge 09420b7648 js/security-md later to maint).
160
161 * Optimize "rev-list --use-bitmap-index --objects" corner case that
162 uses negative tags as the stopping points.
163
164 * CMake update for vsbuild.
165
166 * An on-disk reverse-index to map the in-pack location of an object
167 back to its object name across multiple packfiles is introduced.
168
169 * Generate [ec]tags under $(QUIET_GEN).
170
171 * Clean-up codepaths that implements "git send-email --validate"
172 option and improves the message from it.
173
174 * The last remnant of gettext-poison has been removed.
175
176 * The test framework has been taught to optionally turn the default
177 merge strategy to "ort" throughout the system where we use
178 three-way merges internally, like cherry-pick, rebase etc.,
179 primarily to enhance its test coverage (the strategy has been
180 available as an explicit "-s ort" choice).
181
182 * A bit of code clean-up and a lot of test clean-up around userdiff
183 area.
184
185 * Handling of "promisor packs" that allows certain objects to be
186 missing and lazily retrievable has been optimized (a bit).
187
188 * When packet_write() fails, we gave an extra error message
189 unnecessarily, which has been corrected.
190
191 * The checkout machinery has been taught to perform the actual
192 write-out of the files in parallel when able.
193
194 * Show errno in the trace output in the error codepath that calls
195 read_raw_ref method.
196
197 * Effort to make the command line completion (in contrib/) safe with
198 "set -u" continues.
199
200 * Tweak a few tests for "log --format=..." that show timestamps in
201 various formats.
202
203 * The reflog expiry machinery has been taught to emit trace events.
204
205 * Over-the-wire protocol learns a new request type to ask for object
206 sizes given a list of object names.
207
208
209Fixes since v2.31
210-----------------
211
212 * The fsmonitor interface read from its input without making sure
213 there is something to read from. This bug is new in 2.31
214 timeframe.
215
216 * The data structure used by fsmonitor interface was not properly
217 duplicated during an in-core merge, leading to use-after-free etc.
218
219 * "git bisect" reimplemented more in C during 2.30 timeframe did not
220 take an annotated tag as a good/bad endpoint well. This regression
221 has been corrected.
222
223 * Fix macros that can silently inject unintended null-statements.
224
225 * CALLOC_ARRAY() macro replaces many uses of xcalloc().
226
227 * Update insn in Makefile comments to run fuzz-all target.
228
229 * Fix a corner case bug in "git mv" on case insensitive systems,
230 which was introduced in 2.29 timeframe.
231
232 * We had a code to diagnose and die cleanly when a required
233 clean/smudge filter is missing, but an assert before that
234 unnecessarily fired, hiding the end-user facing die() message.
235 (merge 6fab35f748 mt/cleanly-die-upon-missing-required-filter later to maint).
236
237 * Update C code that sets a few configuration variables when a remote
238 is configured so that it spells configuration variable names in the
239 canonical camelCase.
240 (merge 0f1da600e6 ab/remote-write-config-in-camel-case later to maint).
241
242 * A new configuration variable has been introduced to allow choosing
243 which version of the generation number gets used in the
244 commit-graph file.
245 (merge 702110aac6 ds/commit-graph-generation-config later to maint).
246
247 * Perf test update to work better in secondary worktrees.
248 (merge 36e834abc1 jk/perf-in-worktrees later to maint).
249
250 * Updates to memory allocation code around the use of pcre2 library.
251 (merge c1760352e0 ab/grep-pcre2-allocfix later to maint).
252
253 * "git -c core.bare=false clone --bare ..." would have segfaulted,
254 which has been corrected.
255 (merge 75555676ad bc/clone-bare-with-conflicting-config later to maint).
256
257 * When "git checkout" removes a path that does not exist in the
258 commit it is checking out, it wasn't careful enough not to follow
259 symbolic links, which has been corrected.
260 (merge fab78a0c3d mt/checkout-remove-nofollow later to maint).
261
262 * A few option description strings started with capital letters,
263 which were corrected.
264 (merge 5ee90326dc cc/downcase-opt-help later to maint).
265
266 * Plug or annotate remaining leaks that trigger while running the
267 very basic set of tests.
268 (merge 68ffe095a2 ah/plugleaks later to maint).
269
270 * The hashwrite() API uses a buffering mechanism to avoid calling
271 write(2) too frequently. This logic has been refactored to be
272 easier to understand.
273 (merge ddaf1f62e3 ds/clarify-hashwrite later to maint).
274
275 * "git cherry-pick/revert" with or without "--[no-]edit" did not spawn
276 the editor as expected (e.g. "revert --no-edit" after a conflict
277 still asked to edit the message), which has been corrected.
278 (merge 39edfd5cbc en/sequencer-edit-upon-conflict-fix later to maint).
279
280 * "git daemon" has been tightened against systems that take backslash
281 as directory separator.
282 (merge 9a7f1ce8b7 rs/daemon-sanitize-dir-sep later to maint).
283
284 * A NULL-dereference bug has been corrected in an error codepath in
285 "git for-each-ref", "git branch --list" etc.
286 (merge c685450880 jk/ref-filter-segfault-fix later to maint).
287
288 * Streamline the codepath to fix the UTF-8 encoding issues in the
289 argv[] and the prefix on macOS.
290 (merge c7d0e61016 tb/precompose-prefix-simplify later to maint).
291
292 * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) had a couple of
293 references that would have given a warning under the "-u" (nounset)
294 option.
295 (merge c5c0548d79 vs/completion-with-set-u later to maint).
296
297 * When "git pack-objects" makes a literal copy of a part of existing
298 packfile using the reachability bitmaps, its update to the progress
299 meter was broken.
300 (merge 8e118e8490 jk/pack-objects-bitmap-progress-fix later to maint).
301
302 * The dependencies for config-list.h and command-list.h were broken
303 when the former was split out of the latter, which has been
304 corrected.
305 (merge 56550ea718 sg/bugreport-fixes later to maint).
306
307 * "git push --quiet --set-upstream" was not quiet when setting the
308 upstream branch configuration, which has been corrected.
309 (merge f3cce896a8 ow/push-quiet-set-upstream later to maint).
310
311 * The prefetch task in "git maintenance" assumed that "git fetch"
312 from any remote would fetch all its local branches, which would
313 fetch too much if the user is interested in only a subset of
314 branches there.
315 (merge 32f67888d8 ds/maintenance-prefetch-fix later to maint).
316
317 * Clarify that pathnames recorded in Git trees are most often (but
318 not necessarily) encoded in UTF-8.
319 (merge 9364bf465d ab/pathname-encoding-doc later to maint).
320
321 * "git --config-env var=val cmd" weren't accepted (only
322 --config-env=var=val was).
323 (merge c331551ccf ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value later to maint).
324
325 * When the reachability bitmap is in effect, the "do not lose
326 recently created objects and those that are reachable from them"
327 safety to protect us from races were disabled by mistake, which has
328 been corrected.
329 (merge 2ba582ba4c jk/prune-with-bitmap-fix later to maint).
330
331 * Cygwin pathname handling fix.
332 (merge bccc37fdc7 ad/cygwin-no-backslashes-in-paths later to maint).
333
334 * "git rebase --[no-]reschedule-failed-exec" did not work well with
335 its configuration variable, which has been corrected.
336 (merge e5b32bffd1 ab/rebase-no-reschedule-failed-exec later to maint).
337
338 * Portability fix for command line completion script (in contrib/).
339 (merge f2acf763e2 si/zsh-complete-comment-fix later to maint).
340
341 * "git repack -A -d" in a partial clone unnecessarily loosened
342 objects in promisor pack.
343
344 * "git bisect skip" when custom words are used for new/old did not
345 work, which has been corrected.
346
347 * A few variants of informational message "Already up-to-date" has
348 been rephrased.
349 (merge ad9322da03 js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword later to maint).
350
351 * "git submodule update --quiet" did not propagate the quiet option
352 down to underlying "git fetch", which has been corrected.
353 (merge 62af4bdd42 nc/submodule-update-quiet later to maint).
354
355 * Document that our test can use "local" keyword.
356 (merge a84fd3bcc6 jc/test-allows-local later to maint).
357
358 * The word-diff mode has been taught to work better with a word
359 regexp that can match an empty string.
360 (merge 0324e8fc6b pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches later to maint).
361
362 * "git p4" learned to find branch points more efficiently.
363 (merge 6b79818bfb jk/p4-locate-branch-point-optim later to maint).
364
365 * When "git update-ref -d" removes a ref that is packed, it left
366 empty directories under $GIT_DIR/refs/ for
367 (merge 5f03e5126d wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup later to maint).
368
369 * "git clean" and "git ls-files -i" had confusion around working on
370 or showing ignored paths inside an ignored directory, which has
371 been corrected.
372 (merge b548f0f156 en/dir-traversal later to maint).
373
374 * The handling of "%(push)" formatting element of "for-each-ref" and
375 friends was broken when the same codepath started handling
376 "%(push:<what>)", which has been corrected.
377 (merge 1e1c4c5eac zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix later to maint).
378
379 * The bash prompt script (in contrib/) did not work under "set -u".
380 (merge 5c0cbdb107 en/prompt-under-set-u later to maint).
381
382 * The "chainlint" feature in the test framework is a handy way to
383 catch common mistakes in writing new tests, but tends to get
384 expensive. An knob to selectively disable it has been introduced
385 to help running tests that the developer has not modified.
386 (merge 2d86a96220 jk/test-chainlint-softer later to maint).
387
388 * The "rev-parse" command did not diagnose the lack of argument to
389 "--path-format" option, which was introduced in v2.31 era, which
390 has been corrected.
391 (merge 99fc555188 wm/rev-parse-path-format-wo-arg later to maint).
392
393 * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
394 (merge f451960708 dl/cat-file-doc-cleanup later to maint).
395 (merge 12604a8d0c sv/t9801-test-path-is-file-cleanup later to maint).
396 (merge ea7e63921c jr/doc-ignore-typofix later to maint).
397 (merge 23c781f173 ps/update-ref-trans-hook-doc later to maint).
398 (merge 42efa1231a jk/filter-branch-sha256 later to maint).
399 (merge 4c8e3dca6e tb/push-simple-uses-branch-merge-config later to maint).
400 (merge 6534d436a2 bs/asciidoctor-installation-hints later to maint).
401 (merge 47957485b3 ab/read-tree later to maint).
402 (merge 2be927f3d1 ab/diff-no-index-tests later to maint).
403 (merge 76593c09bb ab/detox-gettext-tests later to maint).
404 (merge 28e29ee38b jc/doc-format-patch-clarify later to maint).
405 (merge fc12b6fdde fm/user-manual-use-preface later to maint).
406 (merge dba94e3a85 cc/test-helper-bloom-usage-fix later to maint).
407 (merge 61a7660516 hn/reftable-tables-doc-update later to maint).
408 (merge 81ed96a9b2 jt/fetch-pack-request-fix later to maint).
409 (merge 151b6c2dd7 jc/doc-do-not-capitalize-clarification later to maint).
410 (merge 9160068ac6 js/access-nul-emulation-on-windows later to maint).
411 (merge 7a14acdbe6 po/diff-patch-doc later to maint).
412 (merge f91371b948 pw/patience-diff-clean-up later to maint).
413 (merge 3a7f0908b6 mt/clean-clean later to maint).
414 (merge d4e2d15a8b ab/streaming-simplify later to maint).
415 (merge 0e59f7ad67 ah/merge-ort-i18n later to maint).
416 (merge e6f68f62e0 ls/typofix later to maint).